中华人民共和国厦门海事法院

民事裁定书

（2020）闽72民初334号

申请人：新加坡西河控股有限公司（Xihe Holdings (Pte) Ltd），住所地新加坡共和国贝列菲路1号（1 Playfair Road, Republic of Singapore）。

司法管理人：Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia。

申请人：新加坡新波海运有限公司（Xin Bo Shipping (Pte) Ltd），住所地新加坡共和国贝列菲路1号（1 Playfair Road, Republic of Singapore）。

司法管理人：Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia。

上述两申请人共同委托诉讼代理人：安寿志，北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所律师。

本院在审理原告福建华东船厂有限公司诉被告新加坡海洋油船公司、新加坡西河控股有限公司(以下简称西河公司)、新加坡新波海运有限公司（以下简称新波公司）船舶修理合同纠纷一案中，被告西河公司、新波公司向本院申请确认Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为西河公司、新波公司的司法管理人身份和地位以及申请确认Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为上述两公司司法管理人委托的北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及其指派的安寿志律师的委托代理人身份。申请人陈述的事实及理由如下：2020年11月13日，被告西河公司经新加坡高等法院裁定进入破产重整阶段，并指定Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为西河公司的司法管理人。2021年3月19日，被告新波公司经债权人会议指定Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为新波公司的司法管理人。西河公司和新波公司的司法管理人Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia于2020年9月10日以经过公证及认证的授权委托书指定北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及其指派的安寿志律师作为（2020）闽72民初334号案中因Ocean Stellar轮引起的船舶扣押纠纷以及其他相关纠纷中西河公司和新波公司在中华人民共和国之诉前、船舶扣押程序、拍卖程序、破产程序、一审、二审和再审、执行程序、以及任何特别程序中的委托代理人。且西河公司和新波公司在本院受理的涉及Ocean Stellar轮的另外两个关联案件中，即浣翼国际有限公司诉新波公司船舶代理合同纠纷一案，和海德威科技集团（青岛）有限公司诉西河公司、新波公司、华中航运私人有限公司船舶物料和备品供应合同纠纷一案，西河公司和新波公司的司法管理人Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia分别于2021年3月29日和2021年5月28日委托北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及其指派的安寿志律师在该两案中作为因Ocean Stellar轮引起的船舶扣押纠纷以及其他相关纠纷中西河公司和新波公司的委托代理人。

本院就申请人的申请请求，经审查查明情况如下：

一、关于西河公司司法管理人及委托代理人的情况

2020年9月10日，Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia以西河公司临时司法管理人的身份，以经过公证及认证的授权委托书委托北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所安寿志律师等人作为西河公司与福建华东船厂有限公司及其他关联方就Ocean Stellar等轮船舶修理纠纷中西河公司在中华人民共和国之诉前、船舶拍卖程序、一审、二审和再审、执行程序、以及任何特别程序中的委托代理人。

2020年11月13日，新加坡高等法院法官加南拉美斯 （Kannan Ramesh）作出HC/ORC 6341/2020 号命令，命令被告西河公司进入司法管理阶段，并指定Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia等人作为西河公司的司法管理人，司法管理人被授权并有权行使公司法、公司章程以及其他法律规定的司法管理人以及公司董事有权行使的一切权力。2021年5月10日，新加坡高等法院加南拉美斯法官又作出HC/ORC 2696/2021 号命令，将HC/ORC 6341/2020 号关于将西河公司置于司法管理之下的命令的有效期延长至 2021 年 9 月 10 日，HC/ORC 6341/2020 号命令规定的条款将继续适用。

二、关于新波公司司法管理人及委托代理人的情况

2020年9月10日，Patrick Daniel以新波公司董事的身份，以经过公证及认证的授权委托书委托北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所安寿志律师等人作为新波公司与福建华东船厂有限公司及其他关联方就Ocean Stellar等轮船舶修理纠纷中新波公司在中华人民共和国之诉前、船舶拍卖程序、一审、二审和再审、执行程序、以及任何特别程序中的委托代理人。

2021年3月19日，被告新波公司经债权人会议指定Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia 等人作为新波公司的司法管理人。

三、其他有关事实

本案审理过程中，原告福建华东船厂有限公司与被告西河有限公司、新波公司达成和解，原告已收到和解款项。

另依照最高人民法院 (2014)民四终字第 20 号民事裁定查明：新加坡公司法第227G(2)条规定，在司法管理命令生效期间内，本法或公司组织章程大纲或组织章程细则赋予董事的所有权力及赋予董事的所有职责均由司法管理人而非董事行使及履行，但本款并未规定司法管理人须召开任何公司会议。新加坡公司法第272(2)(a)条规定，清盘人可以公司名义代表公司提起或抗辩任何诉讼或其他法律程序。

另依照新加坡政府公报2018年11月9日公布的《2018年破产重整与解散法》第九十条及第九十一条的规定，新加坡法院可以应公司或其债权人的申请作出命令将公司进行司法管理，在司法管理期间公司事务、业务及其财产均由法院委任的司法管理人管理。依照第九十四条的规定，公司可以不经法院作出司法管理命令而由公司债权人会议决议进入司法管理，并委任司法管理人。依照第九十九条第二款及第三款的规定，在公司司法管理期间，本法或新加坡公司法或公司章程赋予公司董事的所有权力和职责应由司法管理人行使及履行，公司的司法管理人拥有管理公司的事务、业务和财产所必需的权力。

本院认为：本案中，西河公司、新波公司向本院申请确认Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为其司法管理人身份和地位以及申请确认Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为上述两公司司法管理人委托的北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及其指派的安寿志律师作为上述两公司的委托诉讼代理人身份。

首先，关于Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为新加坡高等法院指定的西河公司司法管理人的身份和地位。

依照《中华人民共和国企业破产法》第五条第二款的规定，对外国法院作出的发生法律效力的破产案件的判决、裁定,涉及债务人在中华人民共和国领域内的财产,申请或者请求人民法院承认和执行的,人民法院依照中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约,或者按照互惠原则进行审查,认为不违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则,不损害国家主权、安全和社会公共利益,不损害中华人民共和国领域内债权人的合法权益的,裁定承认和执行。西河公司向本院申请确认Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为其司法管理人身份和地位，其实质是申请承认新加坡高等法院作出的HC/ORC 6341/2020 号命令和HC/ORC 2696/2021 号命令，应依照上述规定予以审查。该两命令确系新加坡高等法院                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                作出，西河公司因船舶运营在我国领域内亦有财产，承认上述两命令并不违反我国法律基本原则，也无损害主权、安全和社会公共利益之虞，目前也无证据证明会损害我国领域内债权人的合法权益。就互惠原则而言，在跨国民商事判决的相互承认与执行方面，新加坡高等法院曾于2014年1月作出[2014]SGHC16号判决承认和执行江苏省苏州市中级人民法院民事判决。2016年12月9日，江苏省南京市中级人民法院作出（2016）苏01协外认3号民事裁定，根据互惠原则裁定承认和执行新加坡高等法院民事判决。2019年8月2日，浙江省温州市中级人民法院又作出（2017）浙03协外认7号民事裁定承认新加坡高等法院判决。在跨国破产程序的相互承认方面，新加坡高等法院法官维诺德·库马拉斯瓦米（Vinodh Coomaraswamy）于2020年6月10日作出命令确认江苏省南京市中级人民法院（2016）苏01破8号破产程序裁定。因此根据互惠原则，我国法院可以对符合条件的新加坡法院的民事判决及破产案件裁定予以承认和执行。据此，按照互惠原则，对新加坡高等法院作出HC/ORC 6341/2020 号命令和HC/ORC 2696/2021 号命令委托Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为西河公司司法管理人的身份和地位予以承认。

其次，关于Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为新波公司债权人会议指定的司法管理人的身份和地位。

根据《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》第十四条第一款“法人及其分支机构的民事权利能力、民事行为能力、组织机构、股东权利义务等事项，适用登记地法律”的规定，新波公司的司法管理人身份应当适用公司登记地即新加坡法律。新波公司债权人会议于2021年3月19日指定Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia为新波公司的司法管理人符合新加坡《2018年破产重整与解散法》第九十四条规定，故予以确认。

再次，关于北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及安寿志律师作为西河公司和新波公司本案委托代理人身份。

依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第四十八条第二款规定，“法人由其法定代表人进行诉讼”。西河公司系新加坡法人，其司法管理人是否有权代表公司参加本案诉讼，应当按照新加坡法律的有关规定进行认定。依照新加坡《2018年破产重整与解散法》第九十九条第二款及第三款的规定，司法管理人有权代表公司进行相关诉讼，亦有权委托代理人参加诉讼。2014年6月11日，最高人民法院就大拇指环保科技集团（福建）有限公司与中华环保科技集团有限公司股东出资纠纷一案作出(2014)民四终字第 20 号民事裁定亦认定新加坡公司的司法管理人及清盘人均有权代表公司进行诉讼，亦有权委托代理人参加诉讼。本案中，因Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia曾以西河公司临时司法管理人的身份委托北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及其指派的安寿志律师作为西河公司本案的委托代理人，且之后新加坡高等法院委任Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia为西河公司司法管理人，故其委托符合法律规定，本院对北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及安寿志律师作为西河公司委托代理人身份予以确认。关于北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及安寿志律师作为新波公司委托代理人身份的认定，因在Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia成为新波公司司法管理人前，新波公司董事Patrick Daniel已委托北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及其指派的安寿志律师作为新波公司本案的委托代理人，其委托符合新加坡及我国法律规定，本院对北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及安寿志律师作为新波公司委托代理人身份亦予以确认。

综上，依照《中华人民共和国企业破产法》第五条、《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》第十四条第一款、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第四十八条第二款规定、第一百五十四条第一款第十一项的规定：

一、承认Paresh Tribhovan Jotangia作为新加坡西河控股有限公司的司法管理人（经新加坡高等法院委托）和作为新加坡新波海运有限公司（经债权人会议委托）的司法管理人身份和地位；

二、确认北京观韬中茂（厦门）律师事务所及安寿志律师作为新加坡西河控股有限公司和新加坡新波海运有限公司在本案及相关程序中的委托代理人身份。

   审    判    长      夏先鹏                             审    判    员      陈延忠                        

  审    判    员      胡伟峰

  二○二一年八月十八日

   法  官  助  理      余怡璇

书    记    员      戴莉琼

附：本案所适用主要法律条文

《中华人民共和国企业破产法》

第五条　依照本法开始的破产程序，对债务人在中华人民共和国领域外的财产发生效力。

对外国法院作出的发生法律效力的破产案件的判决、裁定，涉及债务人在中华人民共和国领域内的财产，申请或者请求人民法院承认和执行的，人民法院依照中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约，或者按照互惠原则进行审查，认为不违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则，不损害国家主权、安全和社会公共利益，不损害中华人民共和国领域内债权人的合法权益的，裁定承认和执行。

《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》

第十四条第一款　法人及其分支机构的民事权利能力、民事行为能力、组织机构、股东权利义务等事项，适用登记地法律。

《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》

第四十八条第二款 　法人由其法定代表人进行诉讼。其他组织由其主要负责人进行诉讼。

第一百五十四条第一款第十一项　裁定适用于下列范围：

（十一）其他需要裁定解决的事项。